Jovan Surbatovic, General Secretary of the Football Association of Serbia, said a formal complaint had been submitted, claiming that Croatia and Albania fans chanted "Kill, kill, kill the Serb" during the 2-2 draw.
He even threatened that Serbia, themselves charged by UEFA for incidents during their defeat by England last Saturday, could withdraw from the tournament.
"First of all, I want to thank our fans for their support in the match against England and I hope we will beat Slovenia," Surbatovic was quoted by Serbia's PTC.
"What happened is scandalous and we will ask UEFA for sanctions, even if it means not continuing the competition. If UEFA doesn't punish them, we will think about how to proceed."
On Monday the Serbian Football Association was charged by UEFA after their supporters displayed a banner that "transmitted a provocative message unfit for a sports event" and for throwing objects inside the stadium.
That charge came after the Kosovo Football Federation complained to UEFA about "Serbian fans displaying political, chauvinistic, and racist messages against Kosovo" during their 1-0 defeat by England.
"We were punished for isolated cases and our fans behaved much better than the others," Surbatovic said.
"One fan was punished for racist insults and we don't want it to be attributed to others. We Serbs are gentlemen and we have an open heart."
Serbia face Slovenia in Group C later on Thursday.
Reuters have contacted UEFA for comment.