Denmark and Sweden had submitted a joint bid while Poland was also a candidate.
Italy and Portugal had withdrawn their bids before the vote, focusing on their preparations to co-host the men's Euro 2032 and 2030 men's World Cup, respectively.
"All the presentations and all the bids were great but there is only one winner, in football as in life," Ceferin said.
Germany hosted the tournament in 2001 and as West Germany in 1989, both times winning on home soil.
"It was a long journey. We have so many people working at DFB (German football association) to get this tournament. Thanks to all who supported us, we felt this support throughout the campaign," DFB president Bernd Neuendorf said.
