Ikitau missed the two victories over Japan this month, but will be expected to start against the Pumas in San Salvador on August 29 and Mendoza a week later.
The 27-year-old could, however, be moved to outside centre as Hunter Paisami had two strong displays in the No. 12 shirt against the Brave Blossoms.
That would leave no room in the midfield for Joseph-Aukuso Suaalii, who was included in the squad despite a minor hamstring strain and could be used in the outside backs.
Lock Miles Amatosero was not included after picking up a three-match suspension for a red card in the first game against Japan.
"We've looked to maintain consistency in selection with the bulk of this squad having laid a solid foundation over the past few weeks," said new Australia coach Les Kiss, who took charge at the end of last month.
"Touring Argentina presents another tough challenge for us as a new group and it's one that we know will require us to go to another level as we continue to look to build and develop our game."
Australia squad to face Argentina home and away:
Forwards: Allan Alaalatoa, Angus Bell, Charlie Cale, Josh Canham, Massimo de Lutiis, Tom Hooper, Isaac Kailea, Fraser McReight, Josh Nasser, Brandon Paenga-Amosa, Billy Pollard, Aidan Ross, Lukhan Salakaia-Loto, Lachlan Shaw, Carlo Tizzano, Taniela Tupou, Rob Valetini, Jeremy Williams, Harry Wilson (captain).
Backs: Filipo Daugunu, Ben Donaldson, Carter Gordon, Isaac Henry, Len Ikitau, Max Jorgensen, Ryan Lonergan, Tate McDermott, Declan Meredith, Hunter Paisami, Dylan Pietsch, Harry Potter, Joseph-Aukuso Suaalii, Kalani Thomas, Tom Wright.
